Observational techniques in research involve the systematic observation and recording of behaviors, events, or phenomena in their natural setting without manipulating or controlling variables. This approach allows researchers to study and analyze real-world behavior as it naturally occurs. Observational techniques can involve direct observation by researchers, video recording, audio recording, or using technology such as cameras or sensors to capture data. Observational techniques are commonly used in various fields such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, education, and environmental studies. They can be used to study human behavior, interactions, social dynamics, environmental patterns, and more. Observational research can provide valuable insights into how people or systems behave in real-life situations, helping researchers to better understand and analyze complex phenomena. Overall, observational techniques offer a unique and often unobtrusive way to gather data and insights, providing a rich source of information for researchers to analyze and draw conclusions from.